Operating Income, Net Income, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EBITDA
Operating income of $6.7 million for the second quarter of 2019 compared to operating income of $13.9 million in the second quarter of 2018 and an operating loss of $18.3 million in the first quarter of 2019.

Net loss, on a GAAP basis, was $9.5 million or $0.28 per basic and diluted share in the second quarter of 2019 as compared with a net loss of $21.5 million or $0.62 per basic and diluted share in the second quarter of 2018 and net loss of $34.1 million or $1.00 per basic and diluted share in the first quarter of 2019.

Adjusted Net Income, a non-GAAP financial measure, totaled $2.9 million or $0.08 per basic and diluted share in the second quarter of 2019, as compared to Adjusted Net Income of $8.9 million or $0.26 per basic share and $0.23 per diluted share in the second quarter of 2018 and Adjusted Net Loss of $19.9 million or $0.58 per basic and diluted share in the first quarter of 2019.

Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was $17.0 million or 8.3% of revenue in the second quarter of 2019, as compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $23.5 million or 11.8% of revenue in the second quarter of 2018, and Adjusted EBITDA of negative $5.7 million or negative 3.6% of revenue in the first quarter of 2019.

Management believes that non-GAAP financial measures, when viewed in conjunction with GAAP results, can provide a meaningful understanding of the factors and trends affecting MagnaChip's business and operations and assist in evaluating our core operating performance. However, such non-GAAP financial measures have limitations and should not be considered as a substitute for net income or as a better indicator of our operating performance than measures that are presented in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of GAAP results to non-GAAP results is included in this press release.

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $123.8 million in the second quarter of 2019, up from $105.8 million in the first quarter of 2019.